Republic of China Army Totally Explained

Everything about Republic Of China Army totally explained

The Republic of China Army (中華民國陸軍; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Lùjūn) is the largest of the military branches of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Roughly 80% of the ROCA is located on Taiwan proper, while the remainder are stationed on the offshore islands of Kinmen, Matsu and Penghu. As the final line of defense against a possible invasion by the People's Republic of China, the primary focus is on defense and counterattack against amphibious assault and urban warfare.

Organization

*Republic of China Army*

Personnel	200,000 (2004 est.)
Armour	1,831 (2005 est.)
Armoured fighting vehicles	1,175 (2005 est.)
Artillery	1,465 (2005 est.)
Helicopters	220 (2003 est.)

The ROCA's current operational strength includes 3 armies, 5 corps, and 27 divisions. As of 2005, the Army's 35 brigades include 25 infantry brigades, 5 armoured brigades and 3 mechanized infantry brigades.

Army General Headquarters (陸軍司令部) ť The ROC Army GHQ is headed by a 3-star general and is responsible for overall command of all ROC Army assets. Army GHQ is subordinate to the General Staff (military), the Minister of Defense (civilian) and the ROC President.

   *Internal Units: Personnel, Combat Readiness & Training, Logistics, Planning, Communications, Electronics & Information, General Affairs, Comptroller, Inspector General, Political Warfare. ť *Aviation and Special Forces Command (航空特戰指揮部)

   :*3 Air Cavalry/Airborne brigades ť :*1 Special Warfare brigade

   *6th Army Corps (第六軍團司令部): Northern Taiwan ť :*7 Infantry brigades

   :*1 Motorized Infantry brigade ť :*1 Armoured Infantry brigade

   :*2 Armour brigades ť *8th Army Corps (第八軍團司令部): Southern Taiwan

   :*5 Infantry brigades ť :*1 Motorized Infantry brigade

   :*1 Armoured Infantry brigade ť :*1 Armour brigade

   *10th Army Corps (第十軍團司令部): Central Taiwan ť :*6 Infantry brigades

   :*1 Motorized Infantry brigade ť :*1 Armoured Infantry brigade

   :*1 Armour brigade ť *Hua-Tung Defense Command (花東防衛司令部): Eastern Taiwan

   :*2 Infantry brigades ť *Kinmen Defense Command (金門防衛)

   :*3 Infantry brigades ť :*1 Armour brigade

   *Penghu Defense Command (澎湖防衛司令部) ť :*2 Infantry brigades

   :*1 Armour brigade ť *Matsu Defense Command (馬祖防衛司令部)

   :*2 Infantry brigades ť *Tungyin Defense Command (東引防衛司令部)

   :*1 Infantry brigade ť *Armed Force Reserve Command (後備軍人司令部)

   :*24 Reserve brigades (Not active in peace time) ť *Logistics Command (後勤司令部)

   *Education, Training and Doctorine Command (教育訓練暨準則發展司令部) ť *Military Academy, Training & Command Schools, Chemical Warfare Corps, Engineering Corps, Arsenal Development.

ROCA's former Army Missile Command has become an independent command subordinate to the General Staff, commanding assets from the ROCA and ROCN.

History

The ROCA was founded as the National Revolutionary Army, the armed wing of Sun Yat-sen's KMT in 1924. It participated in the Northern Expedition, the Second Sino-Japanese War (during World War II) and the Chinese Civil War before withdrawing with the ROC government to Taiwan in 1949. Until the 1970s, the stated mission of the Army was to retake the Mainland from the People's Republic of China. Following the lifting of martial law in 1988 and the democratization of the 1990s, the mission of the ROC Army has been shifted to the defense of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu from a PLA invasion.
In the defense of Taiwan, it has participated in combat operations against the PLA in the Battle of Kuningtou, and in the First and Second Taiwan Strait Crisis. In addition to these major conflicts, ROCA commandos were regularly sent to raid the Fujianese coast.
With the downsizing of ROC forces in recent years, the Army has endured the largest number of cutbacks as ROC military doctrine has begun to emphasize the importance of offshore engagement with the Navy and Air Force. Recent short term goals in the Army include acquisition and development of joint C2 systems, advanced attack helicopters and armored vehicles, MLRS and field air defense systems. The Army is also in the process of transitioning to an all volunteer force. The 2008 defense budget also listed a request for 60 UH-60M Black Hawk helicopters as a partial replacement for the UH-1Hs currently in service. In November, the Pentagon notified the US Congress of the Patriot upgrade order. It is reported that the Republic of China Army will seek new third generation main battle tanks, as the M60A3s are aging. The possible tanks under consideration are the US M1A2, UK Challenger, German Leopard 2A6, French Le Clerc and the Israeli Merkava. However it's expected to procure the US M1A2 due to closer military ties. (External Link

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Armoured Vehicles

! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Vehicle ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes |

- | M60A3 || || MBT || 480 || |

- | CM11 (M48H) || || MBT || 450 || modified in Taiwan |

- | CM-12 || || MBT || 100 || modified in Taiwan |

- | M41D || || light tank || 675 || |

- | CM-32 || || eight-wheeled armoured vehicle || 600 || in production |

- | CM-21 || || M113 APC variant || 225 || |

- | M113 || || tracked APC || 650 || |

- | V-150 || || amphibious APC || 300 || |

- | AM General Humvee || || general purpose armoured vehicle || 2,000-2,500 || |}

Artillery

- | M110 || || 203 mm self-propelled howitzer || 60 |

- | M109A6 "Paladin" || || 155 mm self-propelled howitzer || 225 |

- | M108 || || 105 mm self-propelled howitzer || 100 |

- | M115 || || 203 mm towed howitzer || 70 |

- | M59 "Long Tom" || || 155 mm towed howitzer || 90 |

- | M101 || || 105 mm towed howitzer || 650 |

- | Kung Feng IV || || 117 mm Tracked MLRS || |

- | Kung Feng VI || || 117 mm Wheeled MLRS || |

- | Thunderbolt-2000 || || 117 mm Wheeled MLRS || |}

Helicopters

! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Aircraft ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes |

- | Bell AH-1W SuperCobra || || attack helicopter || AH-1W || 62 || |

- | Boeing CH-47 Chinook || || transport helicopter || CH-47SD || 9 || |

- | Bell OH-58 Kiowa || || observer/light attack helicopter || OH-58D || 39 || |

- | AIDC UH-1H Iroquois || || utility helicopter || UH-1H || 80 || built under licence by AIDC |

- | Bell TH-67 Creek || || utility helicopter || TH-67A || 30 |}

Anti-Air Weapons

! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Platform ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes |

- | PAC-2 batteries, with 200 GEM missiles|| || surface-to-air missile || 3 || upgrading to PAC-3; 6 more PAC-3 batteries offered |

- | Sky Bow I/Sky Bow II batteries || || surface-to-air missile || 6 || Sky Bow I missiles to be phased out by 2015; Sky Bow III missiles to be introduced |

- |Antelope air defence system|| ||surface-to-air missile || |

- |MIM-23 HAWK || || surface-to-air missile ||20|| replaced by 12 x Sky Bow II batteries from 2010 |

- | M1097 Avenger || || short-range air defense || 70 || |

- | FIM-92 Stinger || || shoulder-launched SAM ||unknown || |}

Anti-Tank Weapons

- |M72 LAW|| || rocket-propelled grenade || || |

- |M136|| || anti-tank weapon|| || |

- |APILAS|||| anti-tank weapon|| || |

- | FGM-148 Javelin || || anti-tank guided missile || 360 || 40 launchers |

- | BGM-71 TOW-2A/B || || anti-tank guided missile || 2,076 || unknown number of launchers |}

Small Arms

! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Weapon ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Origin ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type ! ignore="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes |

- |T75 || || 9 mm pistol || |

- | T51 || || .45 ACP pistol || |

- |USP|| ||9mm pistol || |

- |Glock 17||||9 mm pistol || |

- | T77 || || 9 mm submachine gun || |

- |M12 ||||9 mm submachine gun || |

- |Calico M960 || || submachine gun || |

- | MP5 || || submachine gun|| |

- |Uzi|| || submachine gun|| |

- |M1014||||Semi-automatic shotgun|| |

- | T65 || || assault rifle || standard issue |

- | T86 || || assault rifle || T65 with M4 carbine |

- | T91 || || assault rifle || planned to replace the T65 |

- |M4A1||||carbine || |

- |M24 Sniper Weapon System || || sniper rifle || |

- |T93 || || sniper rifle || |

- |M82A1|| ||Sniper rifle|| |

- |PSG-1|| ||Sniper rifle || |

- |SSG-2000|| ||Sniper rifle || |

- | T74 || || general purpose machine gun || |

- | T75 || || squad automatic weapon || |

- | M2||||Heavy machine gun|| |

- | T85 || || 40 mm grenade launcher|| |

- |MGL Mk-1|| || 40 mm grenade launcher|| |

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Rank Structure

The rank system of the Republic of China Army is based on the Wehrmacht during the Sino-Germany cooperation era. Currently, the rank structure is similar to the United States Army.

Further Information

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